<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<mods xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3" version="3.1" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3 http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/v3/mods-3-1.xsd"><titleInfo><title>Twisted cross</title><subTitle>the German Christian movement in the Third Reich</subTitle></titleInfo><name type="personal"><namePart>Bergen, Doris L.</namePart><role><roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">creator</roleTerm></role></name><typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource><genre authority="marc">bibliography</genre><genre authority="">Electronic books.</genre><genre authority="fast">Church history.</genre><genre authority="fast">History.</genre><originInfo><place><placeTerm type="code" authority="marccountry">ncu</placeTerm></place><place><placeTerm type="text">Chapel Hill</placeTerm></place><publisher>University of North Carolina Press</publisher><dateIssued>©1996</dateIssued><dateIssued encoding="marc">1996</dateIssued><issuance>monographic</issuance></originInfo><language><languageTerm authority="iso639-2b" type="code">eng</languageTerm></language><physicalDescription><extent>1 online resource (xiii, 341 pages) : illustrations</extent></physicalDescription><abstract>How did Germany's Christians respond to Nazism? In Twisted Cross, Doris Bergen addresses one important element of this response by focusing on the 600,000 self-described "German Christians," who sought to expunge all Jewish elements from the Christian church. In a process that became more daring as Nazi plans for genocide unfolded, this group of Protestant lay people and clergy rejected the Old Testament, ousted people defined as non-Aryans from their congregations, denied the Jewish ancestry of Jesus, and removed Hebrew words like "Hallelujah" from hymns.</abstract><abstract>Bergen refutes the notion that the German Christians were a marginal group and demonstrates that members occupied key positions within the Protestant church even after their agenda was rejected by the Nazi leadership. Extending her analysis into the postwar period, Bergen shows how the German Christians were relatively easily reincorporated into mainstream church life after 1945. Throughout Twisted Cross, Bergen reveals the important role played by women and by the ideology of spiritual motherhood amid the German Christians' glorification of a "manly" church.</abstract><tableOfContents>One Reich, one people, one church! : the German Christians -- The anti-Jewish church -- The antidoctrinal church -- The manly church -- The non-Aryans in the people's church -- Catholics, Protestants, and dreams of confessional union -- Women in the manly movement -- The ecclesiastical final solution -- The church without rules -- The bride of Christ at war -- Postwar echoes.</tableOfContents><note type="statement of responsibility">by Doris L. Bergen.</note><note>Includes bibliographical references (pages 301-330) and index.</note><note>Use copy Restrictions unspecified star MiAaHDL</note><note>Electronic reproduction. [S.l.] : HathiTrust Digital Library, 2010. MiAaHDL</note><note xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="http://purl.oclc.org/DLF/benchrepro0212">Master and use copy. Digital master created according to Benchmark for Faithful Digital Reproductions of Monographs and Serials, Version 1. Digital Library Federation, December 2002. http://purl.oclc.org/DLF/benchrepro0212 MiAaHDL</note><note>digitized 2010 HathiTrust Digital Library committed to preserve pda MiAaHDL</note><subject><geographicCode authority="marcgac">e-gx---</geographicCode></subject><subject authority="lcsh"><topic>German-Christian movement</topic><topic>History</topic></subject><subject authority="lcsh"><geographic>Germany</geographic><topic>Church history</topic><temporal>1933-1945</temporal></subject><subject authority="bisacsh"><topic>RELIGION</topic><topic>Christianity</topic><topic>General</topic></subject><subject authority="bisacsh"><topic>RELIGION</topic><topic>Christian Life</topic><topic>Social Issues</topic></subject><subject authority="cct"><topic>German-Christian movement</topic><topic>History</topic></subject><subject authority="cct"><geographic>Germany</geographic><topic>Church history</topic><temporal>1933-1945</temporal></subject><subject authority="fast"><topic>German-Christian movement</topic></subject><subject authority="fast"><geographic>Germany</geographic></subject><subject authority="gtt"><topic>Deutsche Christen</topic></subject><subject authority="gtt"><topic>Derde Rijk</topic></subject>
    1933-1945
    fast
  <classification authority="lcc">BR856 .B398 1996eb</classification><classification authority="ddc" edition="20">261.7/0943/09043</classification><classification authority="bcl">15.70</classification><classification authority="clc">B979. 516</classification><relatedItem type="otherFormat" displayLabel="Print version:"><titleInfo><title>Twisted cross</title></titleInfo><name><namePart>Bergen, Doris L.</namePart></name><originInfo><publisher>Chapel Hill : University of North Carolina Press, ©1996</publisher></originInfo><identifier type="local">(DLC)   95017954</identifier><identifier type="local">(OCoLC)32430150</identifier></relatedItem><identifier type="isbn">0585026513</identifier><identifier type="isbn">9780585026510</identifier><identifier type="isbn">0807860344</identifier><identifier type="isbn">9780807860342</identifier><identifier type="isbn" invalid="yes"/><identifier type="isbn" invalid="yes"/><identifier type="isbn" invalid="yes"/><identifier type="isbn" invalid="yes"/><identifier type="lccn" invalid="yes"/><identifier type="uri">http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;scope=site&amp;db=nlebk&amp;db=nlabk&amp;AN=1588</identifier><identifier type="uri">http://0-search.ebscohost.com.librarycatalog.vts.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;scope=site&amp;db=nlebk&amp;AN=1588</identifier><identifier type="uri">http://books.google.com/books?id=rZzYAAAAMAAJ</identifier><identifier type="uri">http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/32430150.html</identifier><identifier type="uri">http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;scope=site&amp;db=nlebk&amp;db=nlabk&amp;AN=1588</identifier><identifier type="uri">http://libproxy.uwyo.edu/login/?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;scope=site&amp;db=nlebk&amp;db=nlabk&amp;AN=1588</identifier><location><url displayLabel="EBSCOhost">http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;scope=site&amp;db=nlebk&amp;db=nlabk&amp;AN=1588</url></location><location><url displayLabel="EBSCOhost">http://0-search.ebscohost.com.librarycatalog.vts.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;scope=site&amp;db=nlebk&amp;AN=1588</url></location><location><url displayLabel="Google">http://books.google.com/books?id=rZzYAAAAMAAJ</url></location><location><url displayLabel="HathiTrust Digital Library, Limited view (search only)">http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/32430150.html</url></location><location><url displayLabel="EBSCOhost">http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;scope=site&amp;db=nlebk&amp;db=nlabk&amp;AN=1588</url></location><location><url>http://libproxy.uwyo.edu/login/?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;scope=site&amp;db=nlebk&amp;db=nlabk&amp;AN=1588</url></location><accessCondition type="restrictionOnAccess">Use copy MiAaHDL</accessCondition><recordInfo><recordContentSource authority="marcorg">N$T</recordContentSource><recordCreationDate encoding="marc">950417</recordCreationDate><recordChangeDate encoding="iso8601">20200709055055.0</recordChangeDate><recordIdentifier>ocm42329240</recordIdentifier><languageOfCataloging><languageTerm authority="iso639-2b" type="code">eng</languageTerm></languageOfCataloging></recordInfo></mods>
